IABSE报告Extradosed矮塔斜拉桥 -中国道桥网

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资料名称:	IABSE报告Extradosed矮塔斜拉桥
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pdf共159页

IABSE Bulletins   IABSE报告
Structural Engineering Documents

Extradosed Bridges 矮塔斜拉桥
contents
Introduction 1
1 General 3
1.1 Definition of “Extradosed,” Potential, Advantages 3
1.2 History, Bibliographic Report 6
1.3 Formal and Cultural Aspects 7
2 Conceptual Design 9
2.1 General Layout and Structural Scheme 9
2.1.1 General 9
2.1.2 Elevation 9
2.1.3 Transverse View 11
2.1.4 Plan View 13
2.1.5 Single Decks or Separate Deck 14
2.1.6 Railway Extradosed Bridges 15
2.2 Deck 16
2.2.1 Deck Material 16
2.2.2 Deck Cross Section 16
2.2.3 Connection Between Pylon, Deck and Pier 18
2.3 Pylons 19
2.3.1 Pylon Layout 19
2.3.2 Pylon Material 20
2.3.3 Pylons Cross Section 20
2.4 Arrangement of Extradosed Cables 22
2.4.1 Extradosed Cable Design 22
2.4.2 Extradosed Cable Layout 22
2.4.3 Concrete Fin Bridges 24
3 Analysis 27
3.1 Structural Behavior and Analysis 27
3.2 Initial State 28
3.2.1 Permanent State for Classic Cantilever Construction 28
3.2.2 Permanent State with Concordant Prestress 31
3.3 Ultimate Limit State Considerations for Extradosed Bridges 32
3.3.1 Standard Method 33
3.3.2 Alternative Method 33
3.4 Cable Design 34
3.4.1 Introduction 34
3.4.2 Stay Cable Design 34
3.4.3 Differences in Codes and Regulations 37
3.5 Dynamics of Cables 38
3.5.1 Introduction 38
3.5.2 Dampers 39
4 Structural Design – The Japanese Experience 41
4.1 General 41
4.2 Structural Components and Details 41
4.2.1 Deck Cross Sections 41
4.2.2 Pylon Types 42
4.3 Connection Details 44
4.3.1 Stay Cable and Pylon 44
4.3.2 Stay Cable and Deck – Selected Examples 45
4.4 Reinforcement and Prestressing Details 46
4.4.1 Pylon 46
4.4.2 Deck 47
5 Technology of Extradosed Cables 49
5.1 Foreword 49
5.2 State of Technology Through Lessons Learned on Projects 50
5.2.1 Extradosed Bridges with Stay Cables Technology 50
5.2.2 Extradosed Bridges with External Prestressing Technology 50
5.3 Durability 51
5.3.1 Design Life and Maintenance 51
5.3.2 Protection 52
5.3.3 Fire 54
5.3.4 Fatigue 55
5.3.5 Dynamics 55
5.3.6 Tolerances 56
5.4 System Installation 56
5.5 Anchorages 56
5.6 Anchorage Layouts at the Pylon 57
5.6.1 Classical Cable stay Anchorages (Type A and B) 57
5.6.2 Steel Tension Elements (Type C) 58
5.6.3 Saddle as Anchorage in Pylon (Type D) 59
5.6.4 An Alternate Layout Between C & D 63
5.6.5 Choice of a Saddle 63
5.6.6 Friction 64
5.6.7 Saddle Fatigue 65
5.6.8 Current Developments 66
5.7 Conclusion 66
6 Construction Issues 67
6.1 Introduction 67
6.2 Pylon 68
6.2.1 Introduction 68
6.2.2 Concrete Pylon 68
6.2.3 Steel Pylon 70
6.3 Deck Girder 71
6.3.1 Deck Girder Erection 71
6.3.2 Cable Stay System 81
6.3.3 Camber Control 84
6.4 Case Studies 86
6.4.1 Odawara Port Bridge, Japan 86
6.4.2 Narmada Bridge, Bharuch 86
7 Cost/Economics 89
7.1 Introduction 89
7.2 Estimate of Quantities 91
7.2.1 Concrete 91
7.2.2 Reinforcement and Pre-Stressing in Concrete Elements 92
7.2.3 Extradosed Stays Quantities 92
7.3 Comparison to Girder Bridges Built in Balanced Cantilever 94
7.4 Conclusions 95
8 Bridge Data and Case Studies 97
8.1 General 97
8.2 Geometric Properties 98
8.2.1 Introduction 98
8.2.2 Length of Main Span 98
8.2.3 Main Span to Pylon Height Ratio 100
8.2.4 Side Span to Main span Ratio 102
8.2.5 Girder Depth 103
8.2.6 Cable Interval 105
8.3 Case Studies 106
8.3.1 Introduction 106
8.3.2 Case Studies 107
8.4 Bridge Data Table 127
9 List of Symbols 135
10 List of Tables 136
11 List of Figures 137
12 References